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Claire Lee Chennault
Claire Lee Chennault (September 6, 1893 – July 27, 1958) was an American military aviator best known for his mercenary leadership of the "Flying Tigers" and the Republic of China Air Force in World War II. Chennault was a fierce advocate of "pursuit" or fighter-interceptor aircraft during the 1930s when the U.S. Army Air Corps was focused primarily on high-altitude bombardment. Chennault retired from the United States Army in 1937, and went to work as an aviation adviser and trainer in China. Starting in early 1941, Chennault commanded the 1st American Volunteer Group (nicknamed ''Flying Tigers''). One mission which never came to fruition was the bombing of Japanese cities; the bombers did not arrive before Pearl Harbor. (B-29's started bombing from China in 1944, but they were not under Chennault's command.) He headed both the volunteer group and the uniformed U.S. Air Force units that replaced it in 1942. He feuded constantly with General Joseph Stilwell, the U.S. Army commander in China, and helped China's leader Chiang Kai-shek to convince President Roosevelt to remove him in 1944. By that time, however, Washington saw China as a backwater in the war.
The surname Chennault is French and is often pronounced shen-''o''. However, his American family pronounced the name "shen-AWLT."〔("Chenault profile." ) ''infoplease.com''. Retrieved: October 5, 2011.〕
==Early life and education==
Chennault was born in Commerce, Texas, to John Stonewall Jackson Chennault and Jessie (nėe Lee) Chennault. He grew up in the Louisianan towns of Gilbert and Waterproof. He began misrepresenting his year of birth as either 1889〔("United States Census, 1940: Claire Chennault." ) ''familysearch.org''. Retrieved: July 19, 2015.〕 or 1890, possibly because he was too young to attend college after he graduated from high school, so his father added three years to his age.〔Hessen 1983, p. ix.〕〔Byrd 1987, Chapter 1.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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